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Imperativ

Practise the Imperativ

When

For an order, a request or advice. Komm her! (Come here.) Seien Sie bitte leise. (Please be quiet.)

How to form it

  • du: the stem, sometimes with -e. Mach! or Mache!, Komm! Verbs that change e to i or ie with du do so here too, without -e: gib, nimm, sprich, lies, sieh.
  • ihr: the same form as in the Präsens, without ihr: Macht! Kommt!
  • Sie: the form of plural sie with Sie after it: Machen Sie! Kommen Sie!

Pitfalls

  • With a stem ending in -d or -t, in -ig, or in a consonant + m or n, the -e stays: Arbeite! Warte! Öffne!
  • A change from a to ä does not come back in the imperative: du fährst, but Fahr!
  • Sein is irregular: Sei! Seid! Seien Sie!
  • With separable verbs the prefix goes to the end: Fang an! Ruf mich an!
  • Modal verbs such as können and müssen have no imperative.

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Examples

machen

(du)mach / mache
(ihr)macht
(sie/Sie)machen Sie

sprechen

(du)sprich
(ihr)sprecht
(sie/Sie)sprechen Sie